Step 1: Move the decimal point from its current position (the black dot) to a position immediately to the right of the first nonzero digit (the red dot).
0.00000006.42
Step 2: We moved the decimal point 8 spaces to the left. Therefore, the exponent on base 10 will be negative 8.Now we know that the:
Mantissa = 6.42
Exponent = -8
So, the solution is:
$$0.0000000642 = \color{blue}{ 6.42} \cdot 10^{ \color{red}{ -8 }}$$