Divide using synthetic division $$ ( 2x^{3}+x^{2}-13x+16 ) \div ( x+3 ) $$
Answer
The synthetic division table is:
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}-3&2&1&-13&16\\& & -6& 15& \color{black}{-6} \\ \hline &\color{blue}{2}&\color{blue}{-5}&\color{blue}{2}&\color{orangered}{10} \end{array} $$The solution is:
$$ \frac{ 2x^{3}+x^{2}-13x+16 }{ x+3 } = \color{blue}{2x^{2}-5x+2} ~+~ \frac{ \color{red}{ 10 } }{ x+3 } $$Explanation
Step 1 : Write down the coefficients of the dividend into division table. Put the zero from $ x + 3 = 0 $ ( $ x = \color{blue}{ -3 } $ ) at the left.
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}\color{blue}{-3}&2&1&-13&16\\& & & & \\ \hline &&&& \end{array} $$Step 1 : Bring down the leading coefficient to the bottom row.
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}-3&\color{orangered}{ 2 }&1&-13&16\\& & & & \\ \hline &\color{orangered}{2}&&& \end{array} $$Step 2 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column: $ \color{blue}{ -3 } \cdot \color{blue}{ 2 } = \color{blue}{ -6 } $.
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}\color{blue}{-3}&2&1&-13&16\\& & \color{blue}{-6} & & \\ \hline &\color{blue}{2}&&& \end{array} $$Step 3 : Add down last column: $ \color{orangered}{ 1 } + \color{orangered}{ \left( -6 \right) } = \color{orangered}{ -5 } $
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}-3&2&\color{orangered}{ 1 }&-13&16\\& & \color{orangered}{-6} & & \\ \hline &2&\color{orangered}{-5}&& \end{array} $$Step 4 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column: $ \color{blue}{ -3 } \cdot \color{blue}{ \left( -5 \right) } = \color{blue}{ 15 } $.
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}\color{blue}{-3}&2&1&-13&16\\& & -6& \color{blue}{15} & \\ \hline &2&\color{blue}{-5}&& \end{array} $$Step 5 : Add down last column: $ \color{orangered}{ -13 } + \color{orangered}{ 15 } = \color{orangered}{ 2 } $
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}-3&2&1&\color{orangered}{ -13 }&16\\& & -6& \color{orangered}{15} & \\ \hline &2&-5&\color{orangered}{2}& \end{array} $$Step 6 : Multiply by the number on the left, and carry the result into the next column: $ \color{blue}{ -3 } \cdot \color{blue}{ 2 } = \color{blue}{ -6 } $.
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}\color{blue}{-3}&2&1&-13&16\\& & -6& 15& \color{blue}{-6} \\ \hline &2&-5&\color{blue}{2}& \end{array} $$Step 7 : Add down last column: $ \color{orangered}{ 16 } + \color{orangered}{ \left( -6 \right) } = \color{orangered}{ 10 } $
$$ \begin{array}{c|rrrr}-3&2&1&-13&\color{orangered}{ 16 }\\& & -6& 15& \color{orangered}{-6} \\ \hline &\color{blue}{2}&\color{blue}{-5}&\color{blue}{2}&\color{orangered}{10} \end{array} $$Bottom line represents the quotient $ \color{blue}{ 2x^{2}-5x+2 } $ with a remainder of $ \color{red}{ 10 } $.