Step 1: Write second polynomial below the first one. Making sure like terms are lined up.
$$ \begin{array}{lrrrr} & 4x^3 & 15x^2 & 2x & -21 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & & & 2x & 5 \\ \hline \end{array} $$Step 2: Combine like terms (add each column):
$$ \begin{array}{lrrrr} & 4x^3 & 15x^2 & 2x & -21 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & & & 2x & 5 \\ \hline & 4x^3 & 15x^2 & 4x & -16 \end{array} $$