Step 1: Write second polynomial below the first one. Making sure like terms are lined up.
$$ \begin{array}{lrrr} & 3x^2 & x & -4 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & 4x^2 & & -8 \\ \hline \end{array} $$Step 2: Combine like terms (add each column):
$$ \begin{array}{lrrr} & 3x^2 & x & -4 \\ \color{blue}{ + } & 4x^2 & & -8 \\ \hline & 7x^2 & x & -12 \end{array} $$