To factor $ x^{3}+6x^{2}-8x-48 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ 6x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ -8x }$ with $ \color{red}{ -48 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} x^{3}+6x^{2}-8x-48 = ( \color{blue}{ x^{3}+6x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ -8x-48 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ x^{2}( x+6 )} + \color{red}{ -8( x+6 ) } = \\ &= (x^{2}-8)(x+6) \end{aligned} $$