Step 1: Identify constants $ \color{blue}{ b }$ and $\color{red}{ c }$. ( $ \color{blue}{ b }$ is a number in front of the $ x $ term and $ \color{red}{ c } $ is a constant). In our case:
$$ \color{blue}{ b = 5 } ~ \text{ and } ~ \color{red}{ c = -66 }$$Now we must discover two numbers that sum up to $ \color{blue}{ 5 } $ and multiply to $ \color{red}{ -66 } $.
Step 2: Find out pairs of numbers with a product of $\color{red}{ c = -66 }$.
PRODUCT = -66 | |
-1 66 | 1 -66 |
-2 33 | 2 -33 |
-3 22 | 3 -22 |
-6 11 | 6 -11 |
Step 3: Find out which pair sums up to $\color{blue}{ b = 5 }$
PRODUCT = -66 and SUM = 5 | |
-1 66 | 1 -66 |
-2 33 | 2 -33 |
-3 22 | 3 -22 |
-6 11 | 6 -11 |
Step 4: Put -6 and 11 into placeholders to get factored form.
$$ \begin{aligned} x^{2}+5x-66 & = (x + \color{orangered}{\square} )(x + \color{orangered}{\square}) \\ x^{2}+5x-66 & = (x -6)(x + 11) \end{aligned} $$