Step 1 :
Factor out common factor $ \color{blue}{ x^2 } $:
$$ 9x^2y^2+24x^2y+16x^2 = x^2 ( 9y^2+24y+16 ) $$Step 2 :
Note that the polynomial $ 9y^2+24y+16 $ is a perfect square trinomial, so we will use the following formula.
$$ A^2 + 2AB + B^2 = (A + B)^2 $$In this example we have $ \color{blue}{ A = 3y } $ and $ \color{red}{ B = 4 } $ so,
$$ 9y^2+24y+16 = ( \color{blue}{ 3y } + \color{red}{ 4 } )^2 $$