Factor polynomial $$ 5x^{2}-50x+125 $$

$$ 5x^{2}-50x+125 = 5( x-5 )^{ 2 } $$

Step 1 :

After factoring out $ 5 $ we have:

$$ 5x^{2}-50x+125 = 5 ( x^{2}-10x+25 ) $$

Step 2 :

Both the first and third terms are perfect squares.

$$ x^2 = \left( \color{blue}{ x } \right)^2 ~~ \text{and} ~~ 25 = \left( \color{red}{ 5 } \right)^2 $$

The middle term ( $ -10x $ ) is two times the product of the terms that are squared.

$$ -10x = - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{x} \cdot \color{red}{5} $$

We can conclude that the polynomial $ x^{2}-10x+25 $ is a perfect square trinomial, so we will use the formula below.

$$ A^2 - 2AB + B^2 = (A - B)^2 $$

In this example we have $ \color{blue}{ A = x } $ and $ \color{red}{ B = 5 } $ so,

$$ x^{2}-10x+25 = ( \color{blue}{ x } - \color{red}{ 5 } )^2 $$

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