Step 1: Identify constants $ a $ , $ b $ and $ c $.
$ a $ is a number in front of the $ x^2 $ term $ b $ is a number in front of the $ x $ term and $ c $ is a constant. In this case:
Step 2: Multiply the leading coefficient $\color{blue}{ a = 4 }$ by the constant term $\color{blue}{c = 15} $.
$$ a \cdot c = 60 $$Step 3: Find out two numbers that multiply to $ a \cdot c = 60 $ and add to $ b = 17 $.
Step 4: All pairs of numbers with a product of $ 60 $ are:
PRODUCT = 60 | |
1 60 | -1 -60 |
2 30 | -2 -30 |
3 20 | -3 -20 |
4 15 | -4 -15 |
5 12 | -5 -12 |
6 10 | -6 -10 |
Step 5: Find out which factor pair sums up to $\color{blue}{ b = 17 }$
PRODUCT = 60 and SUM = 17 | |
1 60 | -1 -60 |
2 30 | -2 -30 |
3 20 | -3 -20 |
4 15 | -4 -15 |
5 12 | -5 -12 |
6 10 | -6 -10 |
Step 6: Replace middle term $ 17 x $ with $ 12x+5x $:
$$ 4x^{2}+17x+15 = 4x^{2}+12x+5x+15 $$Step 7: Apply factoring by grouping. Factor $ 4x $ out of the first two terms and $ 5 $ out of the last two terms.
$$ 4x^{2}+12x+5x+15 = 4x\left(x+3\right) + 5\left(x+3\right) = \left(4x+5\right) \left(x+3\right) $$