Factor polynomial $$ 4x^{2}-13x+3 $$

$$ 4x^{2}-13x+3 = ( x-3 )( 4x-1 ) $$

Step 1: Identify constants $ a $ , $ b $ and $ c $.
$ a $ is a number in front of the $ x^2 $ term $ b $ is a number in front of the $ x $ term and $ c $ is a constant. In this case:

$$ a = 4 , b = -13 ~ \text{ and } ~ c = 3 $$

Step 2: Multiply the leading coefficient $\color{blue}{ a = 4 }$ by the constant term $\color{blue}{c = 3} $.

$$ a \cdot c = 12 $$

Step 3: Find out two numbers that multiply to $ a \cdot c = 12 $ and add to $ b = -13 $.

Step 4: All pairs of numbers with a product of $ 12 $ are:

PRODUCT = 12
1     12	-1     -12
2     6	-2     -6
3     4	-3     -4

Step 5: Find out which factor pair sums up to $\color{blue}{ b = -13 }$

PRODUCT = 12 and SUM = -13
1     12	-1     -12
2     6	-2     -6
3     4	-3     -4

Step 6: Replace middle term $ -13 x $ with $ -x-12x $:

$$ 4x^{2}-13x+3 = 4x^{2}-x-12x+3 $$

Step 7: Apply factoring by grouping. Factor $ x $ out of the first two terms and $ -3 $ out of the last two terms.

$$ 4x^{2}-x-12x+3 = x\left(4x-1\right) -3\left(4x-1\right) = \left(x-3\right) \left(4x-1\right) $$

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