Rewrite $ 49s^2-64t^2 $ as:
$$ \color{blue}{ 49s^2-64t^2 = (7s)^2 - (8t)^2 } $$Now we can apply the difference of squares formula.
$$ I^2 - II^2 = (I - II)(I + II) $$After putting $ I = 7s $ and $ II = 8t $ , we have:
$$ 49s^2-64t^2 = (7s)^2 - (8t)^2 = ( 7s-8t ) ( 7s+8t ) $$