Rewrite $ -81x^{2}+4 $ as:
$$ -81x^{2}+4 = 4 -81x^2 = (2)^2 - (9x)^2 $$Now we can apply the difference of squares formula.
$$ I^2 - II^2 = (I - II)(I + II) $$After putting $ I = 2 $ and $ II = 9x $ , we have:
$$ -81x^{2}+4 = (2)^2 - (9x)^2 = ( -9x+2 ) ( 9x+2 ) $$