To factor $ 3x^{3}+x^{2}-6x-2 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ 3x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ -6x }$ with $ \color{red}{ -2 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 3x^{3}+x^{2}-6x-2 = ( \color{blue}{ 3x^{3}+x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ -6x-2 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ x^{2}( 3x+1 )} + \color{red}{ -2( 3x+1 ) } = \\ &= (x^{2}-2)(3x+1) \end{aligned} $$