Step 1 :
After factoring out $ 2z $ we have:
$$ 2z^{3}-2z = 2z ( z^{2}-1 ) $$Step 2 :
Rewrite $ z^{2}-1 $ as:
$$ z^{2}-1 = (z)^2 - (1)^2 $$Now we can apply the difference of squares formula.
$$ I^2 - II^2 = (I - II)(I + II) $$After putting $ I = z $ and $ II = 1 $ , we have:
$$ z^{2}-1 = (z)^2 - (1)^2 = ( z-1 ) ( z+1 ) $$