To factor $ 2x^{3}+5x^{2}+18x+45 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ 2x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ 5x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ 18x }$ with $ \color{red}{ 45 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 2x^{3}+5x^{2}+18x+45 = ( \color{blue}{ 2x^{3}+5x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ 18x+45 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ x^{2}( 2x+5 )} + \color{red}{ 9( 2x+5 ) } = \\ &= (x^{2}+9)(2x+5) \end{aligned} $$