To factor $ 2x^{3}-x^{2}-4x+2 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ 2x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ -x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ -4x }$ with $ \color{red}{ 2 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 2x^{3}-x^{2}-4x+2 = ( \color{blue}{ 2x^{3}-x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ -4x+2 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ x^{2}( 2x-1 )} + \color{red}{ -2( 2x-1 ) } = \\ &= (x^{2}-2)(2x-1) \end{aligned} $$