To factor $ 28r^{3}+7r^{2}+40r+10 $ we can use factoring by grouping:
Group $ \color{blue}{ 28x^{3} }$ with $ \color{blue}{ 7x^{2} }$ and $ \color{red}{ 40x }$ with $ \color{red}{ 10 }$ then factor each group.
$$ \begin{aligned} 28r^{3}+7r^{2}+40r+10 = ( \color{blue}{ 28x^{3}+7x^{2} } ) + ( \color{red}{ 40x+10 }) &= \\ &= \color{blue}{ 7x^{2}( 4x+1 )} + \color{red}{ 10( 4x+1 ) } = \\ &= (7x^{2}+10)(4x+1) \end{aligned} $$