Step 1 :
After factoring out $ 2 $ we have:
$$ 18w^{2}-50 = 2 ( 9w^{2}-25 ) $$Step 2 :
Rewrite $ 9w^{2}-25 $ as:
$$ 9w^{2}-25 = (3w)^2 - (5)^2 $$Now we can apply the difference of squares formula.
$$ I^2 - II^2 = (I - II)(I + II) $$After putting $ I = 3w $ and $ II = 5 $ , we have:
$$ 9w^{2}-25 = (3w)^2 - (5)^2 = ( 3w-5 ) ( 3w+5 ) $$